Octane enhancers

Depending on the quality of crude petroleum and the refinery process, gasoline produced by refineries may or may not meet the minimum octane rating required by the specifications. Refiners use many types of octane enhancers to increase the octane number, or octane rating, of the gasoline they produce. This section analyzes several types of octane enhancers. In the Netherlands, ethanol and ethers (ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)) are the major octane enhancers used since 2015. There is also some use of tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME).