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Early development of new energy vehicles
In March 1986, the new energy vehicle (NEV) concept was first introduced in the State High Tech development plan, known as the 863 Program. This development plan focused on the development of advanced technology, laying out the fundamental roadmap for NEV development.
In 2001, the Chinese government followed the layout of the 863 Program, implementing the “Three vertical and three horizontal R&D layouts for the automotive industry.” Six different development pathways have been promoted:
    •Pure electric vehicles (EV)
    •Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)
    •Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV)
    •Battery management systems
    •Drive motor and power technologies
    •Connected and intelligent vehicle technologies
During China’s 10th Five Year Plan (FYP) period
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Early development of new energy vehicles