North America

The energy landscape in the United States and Canada has been undergoing a transformative phase, shaped significantly by evolving regulatory frameworks, technological advancements and a heightened focus on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At the core of this transformation lies the synergy between the fuel, refining and vehicle markets, which are intricately linked to the broader climate change mitigation goals set forth by both nations.

An essential aspect of this narrative is the regulatory framework that governs the fuel and vehicle markets. In the U.S., the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) has been crucial in integrating biofuels into the mainstream fuel supply chain. Similarly, introducing new Renewable Volume Obligations (RVOs) reflects a broad