Western Balkans, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine

In 2024, countries of Western Balkans, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine continued to transform their laws to integrate their energy markets and legislation into the EU system. This year’s key aims were to continue developing and implementing legislation for using alternative fuels and vehicles. However, oil refining and the use and production of conventional fuel are still playing a significant role in the economies of these countries.

Despite the clear target to incorporate renewable energy, including in the transport sectors; the Western Balkans region, Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia still heavily rely on oil-derived conventional fuels for various modes of transportation, including road, sea and air travel.