Octane enhancers
Depending on the quality of crude petroleum and the refinery process, gasoline produced by the refineries may, or may not, meet the minimum octane rating required by the specifications.
Many types of octane enhancer are used by refiners to increase the octane number or octane ratings of the gasoline they produce:
•Organic:
•Alcohol and ethers, including ethanol, methanol, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), etc.
•Aromatic amines/oxygenates (which burn ash-free)
•Non-organic:
This section analyzes several types of octane enhancer found in Pakistani gasoline.