United States

The U.S. is a large-scale consumer of jet kerosene, with annual consumption, in normal times, in the order of 1.6-1.8 MMbbl/d. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, jet fuel consumption fell sharply but still totalled slightly over 1 MMbbl/d.

It is also a country that has always been closely involved in the development and harmonization of international civil aviation practices since inception. However, the division of labor between the regulation of civil aviation operations by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the regulation of environmental standards—by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at the federal level and by the Air Resources Board (CARB) in California—creates some challenges in the adoption and promotion of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to redu