Aniline and derivatives
Aniline is a nitrogen containing aromatic compound, with the formula C6H5NH2. Aniline and other derivative compounds can be used as an additive to increase the octane number of gasoline. Aniline derivatives include:
•N-methylaniline (NMA) and its isomers 2-methylaniline, 3-methylaniline and 4-methylaniline
•2,4-dimethylaniline
•N-ethylaniline and its isomers 2-ethylaniline, 3-ethylaniline and 4-ethylaniline
Aniline is known to be carcinogenic, while 2,4-dimethylaniline and N-methylaniline are not. Aniline and its derivatives have also been reported to increase nitrogen oxide and other exhaust emissions. They might cause corrosion in the engine, and can lead to gum formation, resulting in system deposits and sticking of intake valves.